"When Gods Were Men": The Embodied God in Biblical and Near Eastern Literature

Esther J. Hamori

Published by De Gruyter 2008

"When Gods Were Men"

The Embodied God in Biblical and Near Eastern Literature

Esther J. Hamori

Volume 384 in the series Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft

https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110206715

Overview
Contents

About this book

In the texts of Genesis 18 and 32, God appears to a patriarch in person and is referred to by the narrator as a man, both times by the Hebrew word īsh. In both texts, God as īsh is described in graphically human terms. This type of divine appearance is identified here as the "īsh theophany". The phenomenon of God appearing in concrete human form is first distinguished from several other types of anthropomorphism, such as divine appearance in dreams. The īsh theophany is viewed in relation to appearances of angels and other divine beings in the Bible, and in relation to anthropomorphic appearances of deities in Near Eastern literature. The īsh theophany has implications for our understanding of Israelite concepts of divine-human contact and communication, and for the relationship to Ugaritic literature in particular. The book also includes discussion of philosophical approaches to anthropomorphism. The development of philosophical opposition to anthropomorphism can be traced from Greek philosophy and early Jewish and Christian writings through Avicenna, Averroes, Maimonides and Aquinas, and into the work of later philosophers such as Hume and Kant. However, the work of others can be applied fruitfully to the problem of divine anthropomorphism, such as Wittgenstein's language games.

Author / Editor information

Esther J. Hamori, Union Theological Seminary, New York, USA.

Reviews

"Die interessante Arbeit, die die Exegese biblischer Texte in den Kontext der altorientalischen Literatur stellt und zudem mit religionsphilosophischen Fragen verbindet, schließt mit einem ausführlichen Literaturverzeichnis sowie mit verschiedenen Indizes."
B. Ego in: Zeitschrift für Alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 122/2010

"[..]well-researched and often humoroulsy written monograph"
L.-S. Tiemeyer in: Book List - Society for Old Testament Study 2009

Topics

Frontmatter Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	i
Table of Contents Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	ix
1. Introduction: The 'îš Theophany Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	1
2. Varieties of Anthropomorphism Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	26
3. Philosophical Approaches to Anthropomorphism Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	35
4. Anthropomorphic Realism Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	65
5. The 'îš Theophany and Divine Society Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	104
6. Anthropomorphic Realism and the Ancient Near East Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	129
7. Conclusions: The Embodied God Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	150
Backmatter Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	156

(Deutsch)

Language: English
Publisher: De Gruyter
Audience: Academics, Libraries, Institutes
Pages
- Front matter: 16
- Main content: 185
Keywords: Genesis; Abraham; Jacob; Anthromorphism; Angels

eBook

Published: August 27, 2008
ISBN: 9783110206715

Hardcover

Published: May 20, 2008
ISBN: 9783110203486