From the City to the Desert
Raffael Beier
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Raffael Beier, From the City to the Desert (2019), Logos Verlag, Berlin, ISBN: 9783832588526
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Beschreibung / Abstract
In recent years, large-scale housing and resettlement projects have experienced a renaissance in many developing countries and are increasingly shaping new urban peripheries. One prominent example is Morocco's Villes Sans Bidonville (cities without shantytowns) programme that aims at eradicating all shantytowns in Morocco by resettling its population to apartment blocks at the urban peripheries. Analysing the specific resettlement project of Karyan Central, a 90-year-old shantytown in Casablanca, this book sheds light on both process and outcome of resettlement from the perspective of affected people. It draws on rich empirical data from a structure household survey (n=871), qualitative interviews with different stakeholder, document analysis, and non-participant observation gathered during four months of field research.
The author emphasises that the VSB programme, although formally part of anti-poverty and urban inclusion policies, puts primary focus on the clearance of the shantytown. Largely based on ill-informed policy assumptions, stigmatisation, rent-seeking, and opaque implementation practices, the VSB programme interpreted adequate housing in a narrow sense. By showing how social interactions, employment patterns, and access to urban functions have changed because of resettlement, the book provides sound empirical evidence that housing means more than four walls and a roof.
The author emphasises that the VSB programme, although formally part of anti-poverty and urban inclusion policies, puts primary focus on the clearance of the shantytown. Largely based on ill-informed policy assumptions, stigmatisation, rent-seeking, and opaque implementation practices, the VSB programme interpreted adequate housing in a narrow sense. By showing how social interactions, employment patterns, and access to urban functions have changed because of resettlement, the book provides sound empirical evidence that housing means more than four walls and a roof.
Beschreibung
Raffael Beier studied geography at Ruhr University Bochum (RUB), Germany, and at Joseph Fourier University in Grenoble, France. Since 2014, he has been working as a research fellow at RUB's Institute of Development Research and Development Policy (IEE), where he is currently coordinating the PhD programme in International Development Studies. In 2019, he defended his PhD thesis in The Hague as part of the joint-PhD programme of the IEE and the International Institute for Social Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
- BEGINN
- List of Figures
- List of Tables
- List of Abbreviations
- Glossary of Arabic and French Terms
- Abstract
- Compte-rendu
- Zusammenfassung
- Cartographic Overview
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Understanding Affordable Housing Policies
- 2.1 Affordable Housing for All – A Call for Governmental Intervention?
- 2.2 Early Alternative Thoughts and the Construction of Public Housing
- 2.3 The Idea of Aided Self-Help
- 2.4 Enabling Housing Markets to Work
- 2.5 Resettlement Strategies
- 2.6 The Moroccan Experience of Affordable Housing Strategies
- 2.7 Some Implications from Theory
- 3 Research Design and Methodology
- 3.1 Justification of the Methodological Approach
- 3.2 Operationalisation
- 3.3 The Quantitative Approach
- 3.4 The Qualitative Approach
- 3.5 Main Challenges during Field Research
- 4 Morocco's Villes Sans Bidonvilles Programme
- 4.1 Definitions Matter! What Does Bidonville Mean?
- 4.2 The Programme†™s Plurality of Objectives
- 4.3 Modes of Implementation
- 4.4 Villes Sans Bidonvilles in Casablanca†™s Neighbourhood Hay Mohammadi
- 4.5 Addressing the Empirical Gaps of the VSB Programme
- 5 Breaking Up Evolved Structures: Agents and Governance of Resettlement
- 5.1 Living in the Bidonville
- 5.2 How to Get People to Move
- 6 Changing Livelihoods Through Resettlement
- 6.1 Spatial Structures and Infrastructure of the New Town
- 6.2 New Buildings: More Comfort, Less Stigma?
- 6.3 New Social Structures
- 6.4 Changing Patterns of Income Generation
- 6.5 Changes in Households†™ Fixed Expenditures
- 6.6 Variable Expenditures: Education, Health, and Food Consumption
- 6.7 Overarching Findings: Increased Housing Comfort vs. Social Isolation
- 7 Conclusion
- References
- Appendix
- A1 The household survey
- A2 List of interview partners with pseudonyms