ABSTRACT

This book addresses the complex intersection of secret police operations and the formation of the religious underground in communist-era Eastern Europe. It discusses how religious groups were perceived as dangerous to the totalitarian state whilst also being extremely vulnerable and yet at the same time very resourceful. It explores how this particular dynamic created the concept of the "religious underground" and produced an extremely rich secret police archival record. In a series of studies from across the region, the book explores the historical and legal context of secret police entanglement with religious groups, presents case studies on particular anti-religious operations and groups, offers methodological approaches to the secret police materials for the study of religions, and engages in contemporary ethical and political debates on the legacy and meaning of the archives in post-communism. 

chapter |36 pages

Introduction

Reframing the religious underground

part I|92 pages

Constructing the enemyHistorical and legal contexts

chapter 1|21 pages

Shifting images of a harmful sect

Operations against Inochentism in Soviet Ukraine, 1920–23

chapter 4|15 pages

Turning religious practices into political guilt

Jehovah's Witnesses in the narratives of the Securitate files

chapter 5|17 pages

A coercive political environment as place of testimony

Jehovah's Witnesses in the era of state socialism in Hungary, 1948–89

part II|81 pages

Anti-religious operations

chapter 6|17 pages

Soviet state security and the Cold War

Repression and agent infiltration of the Jehovah's Witnesses in the Moldavian SSR, 1944 to late 1950s

chapter 7|28 pages

The secret police and the Marian apparition

Actions of the Polish Security Service against the miracle of Zabłudów in 1965

chapter 8|16 pages

Acting in the underground

Life as a Hare Krishna devotee in the Soviet Republic of Lithuania (1979–1989)

chapter 9|18 pages

Between simplification and absurdity

The Czech protestant milieu, “New Orientation” and the secret police

part III|62 pages

Methodological approaches to religions in the secret police archives

chapter 11|20 pages

Photographs of the religious underground

Tracing images between archives and communities

chapter 12|19 pages

Feasting and fasting

The evidential character of material religion in secret police archives

part IV|62 pages

Secret police archives in post-communism Politics, ethics and communities

chapter 13|14 pages

The Patriarchate, the Presidency and the secret police archives

Studying religions in post-communist Romania

chapter 15|14 pages

If sex were a factor …

The Securitate archives and issues of morality in documents related to religious life

chapter 16|19 pages

Redeeming memory

Neo-Protestant churches and the secret police archives in Romania