ABSTRACT

Piracy and Captivity in the Mediterranean explores the early modern genre of European Barbary Coast captivity narratives from the sixteenth to the nineteenth century. During this period, the Mediterranean Sea was the setting of large-scale corsairing that resulted in the capture or enslavement of Europeans and Americans by North African pirates, as well as of North Africans by European forces, turning the Barbary Coast into the nemesis of any who went to sea.

Through a variety of specifically selected narrative case studies, this book displays the blend of both authentic eye witness accounts and literary fictions that emerged against the backdrop of the tumultuous Mediterranean Sea. A wide range of other primary sources, from letters to ransom lists and newspaper articles to scientific texts, highlights the impact of piracy and captivity across key European regions, including France, Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Scandinavia, and Britain, as well as the United States and North Africa.

Divided into four parts and offering a variety of national and cultural vantage points, Piracy and Captivity in the Mediterranean addresses both the background from which captivity narratives were born and the narratives themselves. It is essential reading for scholars and students of early modern slavery and piracy.

chapter |21 pages

Introduction

part 1|87 pages

Labor and Law

chapter 1|31 pages

Trading identities

Balthasar Sturmer's Verzeichnis der Reise (1558) and the making of the European Barbary captivity narrative

chapter 2|20 pages

Unkind dealings

English captivity narratives, commercial transformation, and the economy of unfree labor in the early modern period

chapter 3|23 pages

Ambivalences of recognition

The position of the Barbary corsairs in early modern international law and international politics

chapter 4|11 pages

“Free, unfree, captive, slave”

António de Saldanha, a late sixteenth-century captive in Marrakesh

part 2|53 pages

Home and Hybridity

chapter 5|15 pages

“Renegades”

Converts to Islam in American Barbary captivity narratives of the 1790s

part 3|55 pages

Diplomacy and Deliverance

chapter 8|19 pages

Michael Heberer

A prisoner of the Ottoman navy

chapter 10|21 pages

Confraternity models in the “redemption of slaves” in Europe

The Broederschap der alderheylighste Dryvuldigheyt of Bruges (Brugge) and the Scuola della Santissima Trinità of Venice

part 4|56 pages

Oppositions and Otherness

chapter 11|11 pages

Khayr al-Din Barbarossa

Clashing portraits of a corsair-king

chapter 12|24 pages

A Huguenot captive in ‘Uthman Dey's court

Histoire chronologique du royaume de Tripoly (1685) and its author

chapter 13|19 pages

Two Arabic accounts of captivity in Malta

Texts and contexts