The Laboratory Revolution and the Creation of the Modern University, 1830-1940

Published by Amsterdam University Press 2023

The Laboratory Revolution and the Creation of the Modern University, 1830-1940

Edited by: Klaas Berkel and Ernst Homburg

Volume 5 in the series Studies in the History of Knowledge

https://doi.org/10.1515/9789048551040

Overview
Contents

About this book

The modern research university originated in Europe in the second half of the nineteenth century, largely due to the creation and expansion of the teaching and research laboratory. The universities and the sciences underwent a laboratory revolution that fundamentally changed the nature of both. This revolutionary development began in chemistry, where Justus Liebig is credited with systematically employing his students in his ongoing research during the 1830s. Later, this development spread to other fields, including the social sciences and the humanities. The consequences for the universities were colossal. The expansion of the laboratories demanded extensive new building programs, reshaping the outlook of the university. The social structure of the university also diversified because of this laboratory expansion, while what it meant to be a scientist changed dramatically. This volume explores the spatial, social, and cultural dimensions of the rise of the modern research laboratory within universities and their consequent reshaping.

Author / Editor information

Berkel Klaas :

Klaas van Berkel recently retired as Rudolf Agricola professor of history at the University of Groningen. In his research he focuses on cultural history and the history of science, especially the history of scientific institutions (academies, universities). In 2021 he published, with Guus Termeer, The University of Groningen in the World. A Concise History (Amsterdam: Pallas Publications).Homburg Ernst :

Ernst Homburg is professor of history of science and technology emeritus at Maastricht University. His research is mainly on the interaction between science and technology in industry and academia, from the nineteenth to the twenty-first century. His most recent book publications are: Hazardous Chemicals: Agents of Risk and Change, 1800–2000 (New York, Oxford: Berghahn, 2019), edited with Elisabeth Vaupel, and Een eeuw chemische technologie in Nederland (Delft: Stichting Hoogewerff-Fonds, 2021), with Ton van Helvoort.

Topics

Frontmatter Publicly Available Download PDF	1
Table of Contents Publicly Available Download PDF	5
List of Figures and Charts Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	7
Preface Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	9
Part I The Laboratory Revolution: Origins and Impact
1 The Joint Emergence of the Teaching-Research Laboratory and the Modern University: An Introduction Klaas van Berkel and Ernst Homburg Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	13
2 Origins and Spread of the ‘Giessen Model’ in University Science Alan J. Rocke Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	33
3 The Laboratory Ethos, 1850–1900 Frans van Lunteren Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	65
Part II Laboratory Networks
4 Chemistry in Zürich, 1833–1930 : Developing the Teaching- Research Laboratory in the Swiss Context Peter J. Ramberg Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	101
5 Island Kingdoms in the Making : The New Laboratories and the Fragmentation of Dutch Universities c.1900 Klaas van Berkel Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	127
6 A Fertile Ecosystem : University Chemical Laboratories and their Suppliers in Fin-de-Siècle Paris Pierre Laszlo Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	151
7 Fighting for Modern Teaching and Research Laboratories in Norway : The Chemistry Laboratory in Political Dispute around 1920 Annette Lykknes Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	179
8 Religion and the Laboratory Revolution : Towards a Physiological Laboratory at a Calvinist University in the Netherlands, 1880–1924 Ab Flipse Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	203
Part III Laboratory Values
9 Aspects of the Social Organization of the Chemical Laboratory in Heidelberg and Imperial College, London Peter J. T. Morris Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	225
10 Of Growing Significance : The Support Staff in the Laboratories and Institutes of Utrecht University during the Interwar Period Bas Nugteren Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	241
11 A Revolution in Genetics at Gendered Experimental Venues : Cambridge and Berlin, 1890–1930 Ida H. Stamhuis Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	263
12 Serialized Laboratories : Laboratory Journals and the Making of Modern Science and Scientific Publishing, 1840s–1950s Dorien Daling Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	287
13 Images of the Laboratory in the Popular Press Geert Vanpaemel Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	315
Acknowledgements Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	339
Index Requires Authentication Unlicensed Licensed Download PDF	341

(Deutsch)

Language: English
Publisher: Amsterdam University Press
Audience: Professional and scholarly;
Pages
- Main content: 346
Illustrations
- Illustrations: 43
Keywords: Laboratory; University; Division of Labour; Scientific Research Architecture

eBook

Published: May 1, 2023
ISBN: 9789048551040